Fig. 7: In vivo anti-tumor activity of the mice with HepG2-Red-FLuc orthotopic tumors.

a Histology morphology of each organ with PBS and Au0.02Cu0.98@SA nanocubes on post-injection day 7 was observed by H&E staining (scale bar, 200 µm). b The biodistribution was determined by Cu concentration collected from Au0.02Cu0.98@SA nanocubes through intravenous injection (the inset showing accumulation without liver, n = 3). c Antitumor efficacy of different nanocubes (Au@SA, Au0.5Cu0.5@SA, Cu@SA, and Au0.02Cu0.98@SA) in HepG2-Red-FLuc orthotopic liver tumor mice (n = 3). Tumor growth was monitored by the IVIS system. d The IVIS bioluminescence of livers with hepatocellular carcinoma in each treatment group after mice were sacrificed (n = 3). e The expression of phospho-histone H2A.X (Ser139) and cleaved caspase-3 (Asp175) within hepatocellular carcinoma from each treatment group mice by IHC staining (scale bar, 100 µm). Experiments of H&E staining and IHC staining were repeated at least three times independently with similar tendencies and the result from a representative experiment was shown. The error bars represented mean ± SEM (b–d). The p-value was calculated by one-way ANOVA.