Fig. 2: Behavioral impairment of rats in two different tasks during absence seizures.
a Design of conditioned auditory response task (n = 14 animals (427 seizures)). b Design of continuous motivated licking paradigm (n = 27 animals (3146 seizures)). c Lick rate in 0.5 s bins following conditioned auditory stimuli delivered at baseline (amber, 20 s or more from the start and/or end of a seizure), during seizure (red), and in the 10 s immediately post-seizure (blue). (n = 427 seizures). d Percent of conditioned stimuli responded to within the reward window and within the specified state for baseline, seizure, and immediate post-seizure periods for each animal showing decrease during seizure and recovery in post-seizure (n = 14 animals, colors as in c). e Dynamics of lick rate in 0.5 s bins around seizure start and end times in continuous motivated licking paradigm (n = 27 animals). f Mean lick rates during baseline (20 s or more from the start and/or end of a seizure), seizure, and immediate (up to 20 s) post-seizure periods in continuous motivated licking paradigm showing decrease during seizure and recovery in post-seizure (n = 27 animals, colors as in c). g Dynamics of electroencephalogram (EEG) power in 1 s bins in the wave band (5–9 Hz) surrounding seizure start and end times for seizures with continued licking (green = spared, n = 158 seizures) and no licking (black = impaired, n = 2988 seizures). Wave power was significantly greater for impaired versus spared SWD (p = 4.691 × 10−8, rank sum test). See Methods for definitions of spared and impaired licking. h Dynamics of EEG power in 1 s bins in the spike band (15–100 Hz) around seizure start and end, comparing behaviorally spared (n = 158) and impaired (n = 2988) seizures. Spike power was significantly greater for impaired seizures (p = 2.146 × 10−7, rank sum test). For all plots (c–h), measures of center are mean, and error bars/regions denote standard error of the mean. Source data are provided in Source Data file.
