Fig. 1: A. tumefaciens recycles muropeptides.

A Schematic diagram of PG recycling pathway in E. coli. Pseudomonas MurNAc recycling pathway depicted with red arrows. EP enolpyruvate, TP transpeptidase, TG transglycosylase, LT lytic transglycosylase, OM outer membrane, PG peptidoglycan, IM inner membrane. * AmpD and NagZ activities are promiscuous: AmpD can act on muropeptides with or without GlcNAc6, and NagZ can act on disaccharides with or without peptide chain7,8. B Total Ion Current (TIC) chromatogram showing soluble PG fragments that accumulate in the cytoplasm of A. tumefaciens WT, ΔampD and ΔnagZ strains detected using LC-MS.