Fig. 3: The lPB-PSTN stimulation suppresses feeding.

a Schematic illustration of the feeding test. b, c Each heatmap represents time spent in the area for a representative mouse during a total 6 min with photostimulation (2-min photostimulation period repeated three times). d, e Time course of feeding behavior of YFP (d) and Chronos mice (e). Data are represented as mean ± SEM (YFP, n = 15; Chronos, n = 18). Each circle represents average feeding time every 10 s. Average moving speed every 10 s is shown on the bottom. f, g Heatmaps represent ratios of time spent feeding during LED-on (6 min) and LED-off (6 min) to total feeding time for each individual mouse. h, i Time spent feeding during LED-on and LED-off periods. j Ratios of time spent feeding in LED-on/LED-off periods. k Total time spent feeding during the 12-min observation period. Each circle represents results from one mouse (YFP, n = 15; Chronos, n = 18). Data are represented as mean ± SEM. n.s., p > 0.05; *p < 0.05 (Unpaired two-sided t-test). l Correlations of ratios of time spent feeding and time spent in each arm in the real-time place avoidance (RTPA) test in Fig. 2, which would represent feeding and aversive behavior, respectively. Each dot represents a value obtained from one mouse (gray, YFP; green, Chronos). Regression lines were drawn with 95% confidence intervals. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were shown (YFP, r = –0.06, p = 0.84; Chronos, r = 0.52, p = 0.04). See also Supplementary Fig. 4 and Supplementary Movie 3.