Fig. 3: The decomposition of land surface temperature (LST) sensitivity to leaf area index.

a The latitudinal pattern of final LST sensitivity (\(\frac{{{dLST}}_{{bio}}}{{dLAI}}\), black line) and equivalent LST sensitivity from different biophysical processes, including radiative (\(\frac{{{dLST}}_{{bio}}^{\alpha }}{{dLAI}}\), red line), non-radiative (\(\frac{{{dLST}}_{{bio}}^{{LE}}}{{dLAI}}\)+\(\frac{{{dLST}}_{{bio}}^{H}}{{dLAI}}\), blue line) and indirect climate (\(\frac{{{dLST}}_{{bio}}^{{SW}\downarrow }}{{dLAI}}\)+\(\frac{{{dLST}}_{{bio}}^{{LW}\downarrow }}{{dLAI}}\), yellow line) feedback. The shaded area indicates the latitudinal standard deviation. b Seasonal pattern of LST sensitivity and mentioned biophysical processes in boreal, (c) northern mid-latitude, (d) tropical, and (e) southern mid-latitude regions. Source data are provided with this paper.