Fig. 4: Results of mechanically guided assembly–based 3D fabrication under various conditions.
From: Nanoscale three-dimensional fabrication based on mechanically guided assembly
a Schematic illustration of precursor two-dimensional nanopatterns (e.g., vertical lines, diagonal lines, mesh, and serpentine) and microscopic images of three-dimensional nanostructures printed using the corresponding nanopatterned molds. A white dashed line in nanomesh pattern is used to better visualize the curvature of the nanomesh caused by buckling. b Confocal laser scanning microscopy images of elastomer substrates with different micropatterns and corresponding images of three-dimensional nanostructures printed on these substrates. Three-dimensional nanostructures with convex (upward buckling) and concave (downward buckling) shapes were printed by subjecting the substrate to different pre-strains (i.e., εsubstrate ≈ 20% and 5% for convex and concave shapes, respectively), which is related to pillar strain (εpillar) and the resultant pillar edge shape. The structure displayed in the bottom right is a complex structure with buckling modes 2 and 3 fabricated with a complex substrate of thin and wide bound sites.
