Fig. 5: Fatty Acid Oxidation (FAO) is significantly decreased in liver Lipid Droplet associated Mitochondria (LDM) isolated from High Fat Diet (HFD) induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) model rat animals.

a Wistar rats were fed with Standard Diet (SD) to serve as control or with HFD to induce NAFLD, as described in the Methods section and as shown in Supplementary Fig. 4. Cytoplasmic Mitochondria (CM) and LDM were isolated from SD and HFD-fed animals. FAO was monitored as the oxygen consumption rate in the presence of Oleate or the absence (Basal) of Oleic acid. (n = 4). Data are presented as mean values ± SD. Significance was calculated by two tailed un-paired Student t-test. ****p < 0.0001. b–d Respiration capacity in LDM and CM isolated from control SD-fed and NAFLD induced HFD-fed model animals. Basal respiration in the absence of any substrate and State III respiration in the presence of Succinate+ADP or Glutamate/Malate+ADP were monitored in CM and LDM samples isolated from control SD-fed and NAFLD induced HFD-fed model animals. (n = 4). Data are presented as mean values ± SD. Significance was calculated by two tailed un-paired Student t-test. ****P < 0.0001, ***P < 0.001. e Total and phosphor ACC levels are significantly decreased in LDM and CM of NAFLD. Western blot (n = 3 for SD and n = 5 for HFD) probed with antibodies against phosphorylated ACC2 (pACC2) and ACC2. Data are presented as mean values + /− SD. Significance was calculated by two tailed un-paired Student t-test. ****P < 0.0001, ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01 and *P < 0.05.