Fig. 1: Two-stage mechanism of migrasome formation.
From: Tetraspanin 4 stabilizes membrane swellings and facilitates their maturation into migrasomes
a Confocal images of NRK TSPAN4-GFP (green) cells stained by FM4-64 (red). Scale bar, 10 μm; zoom in, 2.5 μm. The experiment was repeated independently three times with similar results. On the right, schematic representation of young migrasomes with low TSPAN4-GFP concentration and mature migrasomes with TSPAN4-GFP enrichment. b Time-lapse images of NRK TSPAN4-GFP cells stained by FM4-64. Imaging by structural illumination microscopy (SIM). Scale bar, 5 μm. c Normalized fluorescence intensity as function of the time of TSPAN4-GFP and FM4-64 on a representative migrasome in b, indicated by a white arrow. Normalization based on retraction fiber fluorescence. d Statistical analysis of four different groups of migrasomes during biogenesis (red–yellow, red–red, green–green, yellow–yellow), based on a series of time-lapse images of NRK TSPAN4-GFP cells stained by FM4-64 under confocal microscopy. N = 252, from 10 individual cells from three independent experiments. Error bars are standard error of the mean (SEM). e Confocal Time-lapse images of NRK TSPAN4-GFP cells stained by FM4-64. White arrows point to migrasomes that form and shrink back; yellow arrow heads point to growing migrasomes. Scale bar, 10 μm; zoom in, 3 μm. Time in b and e is hh:mm:ss. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
