Fig. 3: Swelling formation on a membrane tube induced by rapid tension increase.
From: Tetraspanin 4 stabilizes membrane swellings and facilitates their maturation into migrasomes
a Confocal microscopy images of a membrane tube pulled from a GPMV containing TSPAN4-GFP (green) and DiI-C12 (red) aspirated with a micropipette. In the top image, the suction pressure was zero (corresponds to zero tension applied, σ = 0). Next, the tension increased immediately to 0.07 mN/m. On the right side, schematic representation of tension-induced swelling formation assay. b TSPAN4-GFP and DiI-C12 fluorescence intensity ratio of membrane tubes containing a swelling (n = 4 membrane tubes, having swelling with relatively same size, pulled from 4 vesicles from 3 independent experiments, error bars are SEM). On the top, a representative image of a membrane tube containing a swelling. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
