Fig. 4: Performance demonstration of the MG-based TENG.

a Comparison of surface charge density for the CS mode TENG with different material pairs, with photograph of the polymer sample shown in the inset. The size of electrode was 5mm-by-22mm. b Positive charge output of MG/FEP pair (top) and MG/PC pair (bottom). c Contact model under atomic level for (i) Cu/PTFE and (ii) MG/PTFE. d Photograph of the experimental platform for evaluating the effect of relative humidity. Relative surface charge of e Cu/FEP pair and f Cu/PC pair under different relative humidity. Relative surface charge of g Zr₅₀Cu₄₀Al₁₀/FEP pair, h Zr₄₅Cu₄₀Al₁₅/FEP pair and i Zr₄₅Cu₄₀Al₁₅/PC pair under different relative humidity. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.