Fig. 8: Tumor suppression of Smad4 mRNA nano-lantern in the subcutaneous model.

a Systematic schedule of Smade4 mRNA nano-lantern administration in the subcutaneous model of SW480 cells. Created with BioRender.com. b Photographs of the subcutaneous tumor-bearing nude mice after treatment with saline, individual mRNA, and mRNA nano-lantern, respectively. c Images of the xenograft tumors at the endpoint (n = 6 mice/group). d Tumor growth curves of the tumor-bearing mice after treatment with saline, individual mRNA, and mRNA nano-lantern, respectively (n = 6 mice/group). e Body weight and tumor weight changes in the tumor-bearing mice with different treatments (n = 6 mice/group). f Representative immunohistochemical staining for Smad4 in tumor tissues from 6 mice/group. Scale bar: 100 μm. g Representative H&E staining assay of organs and tumor tissues in the tumor-bearing mice of each group from 6 mice/group. Scale bar: 100 μm. h Representative western blot analysis of Smad4, MYC, VEGFC, and CXCL5 expression in tumor tissues from 6 independent experiments. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Statistical differences were assessed using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparisons test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.