Fig. 2: Fluence-dependent spin textures.
From: Laser-induced topological spin switching in a 2D van der Waals magnet
a Final topological charge (Nsk) versus energy fluence (mJ cm−2) of the applied laser. The different energies determine the spin states created in CrGeTe3 within the range considered: spin polarised ferromagnetic (FM), magnetic stripes, skyrmions and hybrid (stripes and skyrmions coexisting). In each case, CrGeTe3 was in a spin-polarised saturated state (Mz = 1) prior to the laser pulse. b–c Snapshots of the simulation results for 0.10 mJ cm−2 and 0.30 mJ cm−2, respectively. The out-of-plane magnetisation Mz after 3 ns relaxation following a single laser pulse is used. The white scale bar is 50 nm. d, e Experimental results obtained via WFKM after 100 and 10 laser pulses, respectively. The black scale bar is 5 μm and the laser fluence is 16 mJ/cm2. The measurements were performed at 18.5 K. A 25 mT magnetic field is used.
