Fig. 5: Comparison of intercellular interactions among three groups in HPC.

a Bar plots showing different intercellular interaction numbers among three groups for four cell type pairs, including EndoBlood and CAF, CAF and Treg, malignant epithelial (MalignantEpi) cells and CD8 + T cells, as well as CD8 + T cells and DCs. b–f Selected ligand-receptor interaction profiles for five important biological functions, including immune stimulation (b), immune inhibition (c), angiogenesis (d), immune homing attracted by CAF (e), and extracellular matrix (ECM) modeling (f).The dot color from dark blue to dark red indicates the level of interaction. P values are presented by circle size (getting from one-sided permutation test). The means of the average expression levels of interacting molecule 1 in cluster 1 and interacting molecule 2 in cluster 2 are indicated by color. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.