Fig. 1: Quantum simulator and experimental pulse sequences.

a False-color optical micrograph with highlighting various circuit elements. Qubits (yellow) are labeled from \({Q}_{1}\) to \({Q}_{15}\) and the central resonator (red) capacitively coupled to all qubits is labeled as \({{{{{\mathcal{R}}}}}}\). Each labeled qubit can be controlled by its XY line (red) and Z line (blue), and measured through the readout resonator (green). The device used here is the same one used in refs. ^{63, 69}. b The pulse sequences of a pseudo-random circuit and its equivalent gate model. \(U\) is a global entangling gate and each cubic box is a random single-qubit gate. c The schematic representation of the effective coupling graph of 15 qubits with an equal detuning \(\Delta /2\pi \approx -360\) MHz from the central resonator.