Fig. 1: Location of the study site in Arctic Siberia.
From: Stabilization of mineral-associated organic carbon in Pleistocene permafrost

a includes an overview map with the study site indicated by the red arrow, the distribution of Yedoma deposits shown in orange color69,70, and the different permafrost zones as blue shades71. b shows an aerial overview photograph of Bol’shoy Lyakhovsky Island where red markers indicate the locations of the permafrost drill cores L14-02 and L14-05. Also shown is the local stratigraphy with positions of the six samples of a Yedoma hill (L14-02) and a thermokarst basin (L14-05) marked in red. Data for bathymetric base map of panel a based on IBCAO72; photograph in panel b by G. Schwamborn was previously published by Zimmermann, H. et al. The History of Tree and Shrub Taxa on Bol’shoy Lyakhovsky Island (New Siberian Archipelago) since the Last Interglacial Uncovered by Sedimentary Ancient DNA and Pollen Data. Genes (Basel) 8, 273 (2017).