Fig. 1: Catalytic performance and stability test.

(a) Products distribution over different redox catalysts at the fourth minute, FeAl + MoAl represents the physical mixture of MoAl and FeAl. Comparison of 1Mo9FeAl with the catalytic performance of reported (b) Fe-based catalysts and (c) ODH catalysts. All referenced catalysts and citations are listed in Supplementary Tables 1 and 2. (d) Redox stability of 1Mo9FeAl in chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation of propane. Reaction conditions: 570 °C, 0.14 MPa, GHSV = 3000 h−1, 0.5 g sample, volumetric C3H8/N2 ratio = 4:17. The identification of optimal reaction conditions is shown in Supplementary Fig. 1.