Fig. 1: Convolution operation based on a compact optical convolutional processing unit (OCPU).
From: Compact optical convolution processing unit based on multimode interference

a Structure diagram of OCPU. b The OCPU simultaneously performs three different groups of convolutional operations using incoherent light. The unit includes three functional parts: (1) input image slices to 27 sub-images; (2) flatten 27 sub-images into one-dimensional (1D) vectors; and (3) implement the convolutional operation with the OCPU.