Fig. 2: LY promoted the tumor infiltration of T cells by blocking the TGF-β signaling pathway. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: LY promoted the tumor infiltration of T cells by blocking the TGF-β signaling pathway.

From: Nanovesicles loaded with a TGF-β receptor 1 inhibitor overcome immune resistance to potentiate cancer immunotherapy

Fig. 2

a, c We compared the TGFBR1 gene expression of a breast invasive carcinoma tissues (from 1097 patients) with normal breast tissues (from 403 patients) and c pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues (from 177 patients) with normal pancreatic tissues (from 252 patients) using Mann–Whitney test. Plots were downloaded from the online database TNMplot. b, d Cumulative survival analysis of b breast cancer (BRCA, n = 535 patients) and d pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients (179 patients with 93 dying) with low or high TGFBR1 expression using log-rank Mantel–Cox test. Plots were downloaded from the online database b GEPIA and d Timer. e Correlation between TGFBR1 expression and the intratumoral infiltration level of CAFs in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) dataset using Spearman test (n = 191). f–i Western blot (WB) assay of LY blocking the TGF-β signaling pathway in NIH3T3 cells, and GAPDH-normalized protein expressions from (f, h) (n = 3 biologically independent samples). j Confocal laser-scanning microscopy (CLSM) examinations of TGF-β1-induced α-SMA expression (Scale bar = 8 μm, n = 3 biologically independent samples). k Masson trichrome staining (n = 3 mice). Scale bar = 2.5 mm (top panel) and 100 μm (bottom panel). l Semi-quantitative assay of collagen volume fraction (CVF) in (k) (n = 3). m Representative immunohistochemical staining images of CD3+ T lymphocytes of tumor periphery and center (n = 3 mice). Scale bar = 100 μm. n Flow cytometric analysis of the intratumoral infiltration of CD3+ T lymphocytes (n = 3). o Quantification of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) localization by immunohistochemistry (n = 3 mice). p Normalized tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells (n = 3 mice). Error bars represent mean ± SD. Shaded error bands depict the standard error. Violin plots represent the median, interquartile range, upper whisker, maximum, and minimum. P values in (l, n–p) derived from the Student’s t-test (two-tailed, two-sample unequal variance). The experiment was repeated independently three times with similar results in (j, k) and (m). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Back to article page