Fig. 1: Phenotypes of acla2 and hag704 mutants.

a Statistics of seed setting rates of wild type (WT), acla2, and hag704 plants (n = 15). b The seed phenotype of acla2, hag704, and WT plants. Bars = 2 mm. c The paraffin section of WT, acla2, and hag704 seeds. Left: embryo sizes (arrows) at 2–4 DAF. Right: endosperm development at 2–4 DAF. Starches are red stained. Bars = 100 µm. d Quantification of the syncytial endosperm nuclei (n = 15) in acla2, hag704, and WT at 1.5 DAF. e Root phenotype of WT, acla2, and hag704 7-d-old seedlings. Statistical differences of root lengths (n = 30) among different genotypes are shown in the lower panel. f Median longitudinal sections of WT, acla2, and hag704 root tips. Arrows indicate the end of the meristem (from the quiescent center to the transition zone). Bars = 50 μm. Statistical analysis for meristem lengths (n = 14) and cell numbers (n = 11) in wild type, hag704, and acla2 is shown on the right. g EdU-labeled cells in 4-d-old seedling root meristems of acla2, hag704, and wild type plants. Bars = 50 μm. Numbers of EdU-labeled cells in an arbitrary area of the root tip (white box, n = 8) were counted. EdU, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine. For all statistics, the means ± SD of three independent biological replicates are shown. The significance was calculated using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. Different letters on top of the bars indicate a significant difference (p < 0.05). DAF stands for day after fertilization. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.