Fig. 1: Nomilin extends the lifespan of C. elegans via a daf-2/daf-16-dependent pathway.

a, b Lifespan curves showing the lifespan-extending effects of nomilin at various concentrations on WT N2 C. elegans (a), daf-2(e1370) (b). Nomilin significantly extended the lifespan of WT, but not the daf-2, daf-16, and sir-2.1 animals. raga-1 partially blocked the lifespan extension effect of nomilin. c Representative fluorescent pictures showing the DAF-16::GFP nuclear localisation in control (upper) and nomilin-treated (bottom) animals. d The statistical data of (c, two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-test, n = 10/each, ***p < 0.001 vs. control group). e Lifespan curves of nomilin in daf-16 (mu86). f Quantification of mRNA levels of daf-16 downstream genes in C. elegans (two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-test, n = 3/each). g, h Lifespan curves of nomilin in sir-2.1(ok434) (g), and raga-1(ok386) mutants (h). All data were expressed as mean ± SEM. Detailed information is shown in Supplementary Table S1.