Fig. 3: Combination GVAX, Nivolumab, and Urelumab increase infiltrating CD3+ CD8+ CD137+ and CD3+ CD8+ CD137+ GZMB+ T Cells.

a Shown was one representative ROI that contains TLA and epithelial neoplastic cells in the vicinity; quantification was done within TLA and the tumor vicinity area outside TLA, respectively; mIHC marker pseudocolors: green = CD137, yellow = CD8, pink = CD3, blue = nuclei; b Comparison of the density of CD3+ CD8+ CD137+ T cells within the TLA among treatment arms as indicated. GVAX (Arm A) vs GVAX+PD-1+CD137 (Arm C): p = 0.007; GVAX+PD-1 (Arm B) vs GVAX+PD-1+CD137 (Arm C): p = 0.003. Arm A: n = 7; Arm B: n = 8; Arm C: n = 8. c Comparison of the density of CD3+ CD8+ GZMB+ T cells within TLA among treatment arms as indicated. Arm A: n = 10; Arm B: n = 10; Arm C: n = 8. d Comparison of the density of CD3+ CD8+ CD137+ GZMB+ T cells within TLA among treatment arms as indicated, GVAX (Arm A) vs GVAX+PD-1+CD137 (Arm C): p = 0.004, GVAX+PD-1 (Arm B) vs GVAX+PD-1+CD137 (Arm C): p = 0.002. Arm A: n = 7; Arm B: n = 8; Arm C: n = 8. e Representative co-registered images of multiplex IHC showing CD3+ CD8+ CD137+ T cells within a tumor ROI; mIHC marker pseudocolors: green = CD137, pink = CD3, red = CD45, yellow = CD8, blue = nuclei. f Representative co-registered images of multiplex IHC showing CD3+ CD8+ GZMB+ T cells within a tumor ROI; mIHC marker pseudocolors: green = Granzyme B, pink = CD3, red = CD45, yellow = CD8, blue = nuclei. Two-sided Mann–Whitney were performed. Significance codes are displayed as follows: *<0.05; **<0.01; ***<0.001, ns = non-significance. All data shown as the mean ± SEM (standard error of the mean). Multiplex IHC analysis was repeated twice with consistent results.