Table 1 Clinical and molecular backgrounds of the RS subtypes

subtype	st.RS1		st.RS2		st.RS3		st.RS4		st.RS5	st.RS6			st.RS2/6
Characteristic SV features	Small-deletion		Sparse-small SVs		Tandem-duplication		Large-deletion		Translocation	Dense-large SVs			Both RS2 and RS6 dominate
No. member	7		61		27		7		12	16			38
No.SV	-		5.0✕10⁻⁹	▼	7.2✕10⁻⁹	△	-		-	-			1.2✕10⁻⁴	▼
No. mutation^*1	-		-		-		-		-	4.6✕10⁻²	▼		-
WGD	-		1.2✕10⁻²	▼	4.4✕10⁻⁴	△	1.0✕10⁻¹²	▼	-	-			-
SCNA	-		-		4.1✕10⁻²	△	-		-	-			-
Diffuse type	-		-		-		1.7✕10⁻²	△	-	-			7.7✕10⁻⁴	△
Intestinal type	-		-		9.1✕10⁻³	△	-		-	-			2.3✕10⁻⁴	▼
Smoking	-		-		4.1✕10⁻³	△	-		-	-			-
Age	-		-		5.2✕10⁻³	△	-		-	-			-
Stage^*2: I/II	-		-		-		-		-	1.3✕10⁻²		▼	3.0✕10⁻²	▼
Stage: IV	-		-		-		-		-	-			1.2✕10⁻²	△
ΔMMR^*3	-		7.2✕10⁻⁷	△	-		-		-	-
No.Kataegis	-		2.5✕10⁻²	▼	3.0✕10⁻⁵	△	1.3✕10⁻²	▼	-	3.1✕10⁻²		△	-
No.Omkili	2.1✕10⁻²	△	-		4.6✕10⁻²	△	-		-	-			-
ΔSMG^*4	-		ACVR2A, PIK3CA, RNF43, ARID1A, ERBB2, TP53, B2M, MAP2K7, PTEN, MUC6, ARID2, KRAS		TP53		TGFBR2, ELF3		-	-			-

WGD Whole-genome doubling, SCNA Somatic copy number alterations, MMR Mismatch repair, SMG significantly mutated genes.
The upward and downward arrowheads appended to each P-value indicate the increments and declinations observed in the target group, respectively. P values were calculated using two-sided Welch’s t-tests (No. SV, No.mutation, WGD, SCNA, Age, No. Kataegis, and No. Omikili) or two-sided Fisher exact tests (diffuse and intestinal type, smoking habit, stage, and mutation of MMR/SMG). Items that did not show significant differences (P > 0.05) were excluded.
*1: 24 cases of hypermutation were considered outliers and excluded from Welch’s t-test.
*2: UICC tumor stage classification.
*3: ΔMMR refers to mutations in MLH-1/3, MSH-2/3/6, and PMS-1/2.
*4: SMG are defined by Totoki. et al. ¹⁵ from non-hypermutated cases of gastric cancer.

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