Fig. 4: Rabbit corneal alkali burn repair during the BPCL intervention.

a Serial slit-lamp images of the optical and fluorescent sodium staining (blue) on the alkali burn cornea overtime of the RN, RI, RS, and RB groups (n = 10) (Male: n = 1–5; Female: n = 6–10). b Corneal opacity score over time in different rabbit groups. c Comparison of corneal opacity on day 8, P < 0.00018 for RN/RI and RS/RB. d Corneal repair rate over time of the injury area. e Comparison of corneal repair rate on day 8 for different rabbit groups, P < 2.5 × 10⁻¹² for RI and RS/RB. n = 10 independent rabbits in Fig. 4b–e. f H&E staining images of corneas at the alkali burn site. g Comparison of epithelial thickness for different rabbit groups, n = 10 independent samples. h Comprehensive corneal repair effect of the BPCL compared to the reported results by electromagnetic and laser stimulation (14-day treatment course)^52.53. Data in (b) and (d) are presented as means ± SD. In box plots (c, e, g), the dot is the mean, the centerline is the median, box limits are the lower quartile (Q1) and upper quartile (Q3), and whiskers are the most extreme data points that are no more than 1.5 × (Q3 - Q1) from the box limits. Data were analyzed by non-parametric two-sided Mann–Whitney U test (c) and parametric two-tailed Student’s t-test (e, g). n.s and *** represent nonsignificant (P > 0.05) and P < 0.001, respectively. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. RN normal rabbits without cornea injury, RI rabbits in the intervention group, RS rabbits in the sham group, RB rabbits in the blank control group, EF electric field, EMF electromagnetic filed, mT millitesla.