Fig. 4: Contribution of each driver to changes in metals embodied in import (MEI) and export (MEE) during 2005–2015.
From: Tracing metal footprints via global renewable power value chains
a, c represent changes in MEI and MEE, respectively, with each data point representing 1 of 49 economies. The median and 25th–75th percentiles (bars) are shown. b, d represent changes in MEI of top 10 importers and MEE of top 10 exporters, sharing 80% of global MEI or MEE, respectively. Additional driver performance of the remaining economies is shown in Supplementary Figs. 9 and 10. m represents the direct sectoral metal intensity vector, T indicates intermediate product inputs trade structure, H indicates production technology, D indicates final product trade structure and y indicates renewable power demand. Each variable has two parts to distinguish changes at locally (r) or abroad (-r).
