Fig. 6: ExPRESSO can be applied to spatially interrogate archival human AD patient samples, to elucidate cellular and extracellular features, including tau tangle, Aβ plaque, and the BBB.

a MIBI imaging of two representative ExPRESSO-processed human middle frontal gyrus tissue sections, one non-AD (top), and one with AD (bottom), respectively. The images shown here includes markers for myelin and oligodendrocytes (MAG), pre-synapse (Synaptophysin), nuclei (dsDNA), vessels (GLUT1), astrocytes (GlnSyn), Aβ plaques (Aβ), and tau tangles (PHF-1 tau). Scale bars (the ExPRESSO-MIBI scale bars indicate the pre-expansion dimensions based on a 3.7-fold expansion): 100 μm (both). b MIBI imaging of an ExPRESSO-processed AD-affected human brain section with additional imaging details. Top left: An enlarged view of representative blood vessels from a region in the hippocampus, and dual-colored pseudo images across multiple markers. Top right: An enlarged view of different Aβ plaques and their interaction with tau tangles from a region in the middle frontal gyrus, and spatial features from a region in the hippocampus from the same patient with AD above, images include markers for astrocyte projections (GFAP), myelin and oligodendrocytes (MAG), nuclei (dsDNA), vessels (GLUT1), Aβ plaques (Aβ), and tau tangles (PHF-1 tau). Bottom: a representative region from a large tile of the hippocampus that traverses across the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus from an AD patient. Markers included at the bottom are the same as a. Scale bars (the ExPRESSO-MIBI scale bars indicate the pre-expansion dimensions based on a 3.7-fold expansion): 100 μm (top), 250 μm (top, enlarged), 10 μm (bottom left), and 25 μm (bottom right).