Fig. 2: Identification of senescent cell subpopulations in samples from DM1 patients.

a UMAP visualization showing unsupervised clustering revealing 7 distinct cell populations in patient cells. b Heatmap showing the top differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from each cluster. c Heatmap and ridge plots showing the fold change of GSVA score on gene sets related to cellular senescence and cytokine secretion comparing DEGs transcripts from each cluster. Clusters with positive GSVA values for all the gene sets were annotated as fully senescent while clusters with mixed and negative GSVA scores were annotated as early-senescent and non-senescent, respectively. d UMAP embedding characterizing the fully senescent (purple), early-senescent (gold), and non-senescent populations (green) in patient cells. e Radar plot of DEGs of fully senescent, versus non-senescent cells, and control cells (blue). Y-axis represents the log2 of the expression fold change. Dotted line delineates the threshold of log2FC = 1.2. f Violin plot showing the expression of BCL2L1 (BCL-XL) in fully senescent, early-senescent, and non-senescent subpopulations. **p = 0.002, ****p = 5.9 × 10−8 (One-sided Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney unpaired U test).