Fig. 4: Electrolyte retention and CEI components in Li||NMC. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Electrolyte retention and CEI components in Li||NMC.

From: Weakly coordinated Li ion in single-ion-conductor-based composite enabling low electrolyte content Li-metal batteries

Fig. 4

a Cycling performance of Li||NMC532, Li|S-CE/B-GE||NMC532 and Li|S-CE/S-GE||NMC532 coin cells having N/P of 2.2 and E/C of 3.5 g Ah−1 measured at 0.5 C constant current and 4.3 V constant voltage (CC-CV) charging and 1.0 C discharging at 25 °C. Reproducibility was confirmed with three replicated cells. b Residual mole fractions of EC, DMC, LiTFSI, FEC, and LiBOB remaining in Li||NMC532 and Li|S-CE/S-GE||NMC532 coin cells at various cycles. c Coulomb efficiency values in the initial cycles (2nd–15th) of operated full cells. d XPS spectra of the NMC532 cathodes for Li||NMC532 (top) and Li|S-CE/S-GE||NMC532 (down) cell after 30 cycles. e Depiction of the working mechanism of the S-CE/S-GE composite layer in Li||NMC full cell. The alleviation of the electrolyte decomposition at the Li anode increases the retention of FEC and LiBOB in the cell and allows the formation of a stable CEI, which in turn delays the consumption of LiTFSI and solvent molecules.

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