Fig. 4: Phylogenetic analysis of blaIMP-4-carrying IncHI2A plasmids and comparison to non-blaIMP-4 IncHI2A plasmids. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Phylogenetic analysis of blaIMP-4-carrying IncHI2A plasmids and comparison to non-blaIMP-4 IncHI2A plasmids.

From: Genomic dissection of endemic carbapenem resistance reveals metallo-beta-lactamase dissemination through clonal, plasmid and integron transfer

Fig. 4

a Phylogenetic analysis of IncHI2A plasmids using Mashtree. Two distinct plasmid types (IncHI2A type 1 and type 2) were noted from 2016–2020 and rapidly entered 15 bacterial strains. These plasmids shared flanking regions and integron SNV profiles, which were distinct to those noted in other plasmid types. b, c Comparative analysis of blaIMP-4-carrying IncHI2A plasmids to non-blaIMP-4 IncHI2A plasmids from E. hormaechei ST190, ST93 and ST114 from Alfred Hospital. IncHI2A type 1 plasmids from E. hormaechei ST190 had homology over 100% of the non-blaIMP-4 plasmid, with the addition of a 33 kbp region carrying the class 1 integron in the blaIMP-4 plasmid. IncHI2A type 2 plasmids from E. hormaechei ST93 shared homology across 97.6% of the non-blaIMP-4 plasmid, with the blaIMP-4 integron contained in a mosaic region. Abbreviations: bp base pairs, SNV single nucleotide variant, ST sequence type.

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