Fig. 3: Virus capture by E-Para.
From: Material-engineered bioartificial microorganisms enabling efficient scavenging of waterborne viruses
a, b Phase and CLSM images of Para a and E-Para b after capturing the EV71. In vivo EV71 was localized by merging the phase and fluorescence images. Green represented CMFDA-labeled Para and red represented AF555-labeled EV71. c To confirm the virus capture capacity of MNPs, MNPs@Ab, Para, Para modified with MNPs (Para-MNPs), Para fed with antibody (Para-Ab) and E-Para, the remaining EV71 in the water was examined after coculturing the above samples with EV71 for 24 h. The data are presented as the mean ± sd (n = 3). Statistical significance was calculated via two-tailed Student’s t test. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Ns not significant. d Time-dependent virus capture by Para and E-para. The data are presented as the mean ± sd (n = 3). e Amount of viral genome remaining in EV71-contaminated water (1.5 × 105 copies/mL) after treatment with different amounts of Para and E-Para for 24 h. The data are presented as the mean ± sd (n = 3). f Amount of viral genome remaining in EV71-contaminated water (3.2 × 108 copies/mL) after treatment with different amounts of Para and E-Para for 24 hours. The data are presented as the mean ± sd (n = 3). g The of log10 reductions in viral genome levels were calculated after different volumes EV71 solutions were treated with E-Para or Para (6.4 × 104 cells/mL). h For generic virus removal, MNPs were modified by sialic acid (SA), which simultaneously grazed EV71, H1N1, and Ad5 from solution, reflecting the versatility of this strategy. The data are presented as the mean ± sd (n = 3).
