Fig. 3: Effect of sex hormones on female energy expenditure driven by chemogenetic activation of olfactory mitral and tufted cells.

a Experimental design, Tbx21-Cre⁺-hM3Dq⁺ and control mice received ovariectomy (OVX) or sham surgery (SHAM) 5 weeks prior to indirect calorimetry. b Uterus weight at the end of the experiment, pink (SHAM), brown (OVX), SHAM, N = 7/Cre⁻ and N = 11/Cre⁺, OVX, N = 6/Cre⁻ and N = 10/Cre⁺, Two-way Anova with Tukey’s post hoc comparison. c Body weight at week 5 post ovariectomy, SHAM, N = 8/Cre⁻ and N = 12/Cre⁺, OVX, N = 8/Cre⁻ and N = 14/Cre⁺, Two-way Anova with Tukey’s post hoc comparison. d,e Fat and lean mass at week 5 after ovariectomy, N = 7–12/group, Two-way Anova with Tukey’s post hoc comparison. f VO₂ post-CNO injection in SHAM (left) and OVX (right), SHAM, N = 7/Cre⁻ and N = 12/Cre⁺, OVX, N = 8/Cre⁻ and N = 13/Cre⁺, Mixed-effects model. g Energy expenditure (EE) post-CNO, SHAM, N = 7/Cre⁻ and N = 12/Cre⁺, OVX, N = 8/Cre⁻ and N = 13/Cre⁺, Two-way Anova with Tukey’s post hoc comparison. h Food intake post-CNO injection in SHAM (left) and OVX (right), SHAM, N = 7/Cre⁻ and N = 12/Cre⁺, OVX, N = 8/Cre⁻ and N = 13/Cre⁺. i Activity post-CNO injection in SHAM (left) and OVX (right), SHAM, N = 7/Cre⁻ and N = 12/Cre⁺, OVX, N = 8/Cre⁻ and N = 13/Cre⁺. All bar graphs are presented as mean values ± SEM. Table S3 contains the detailed results of the statistical analysis. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.