Table 1 Cohort characteristics

From: DNA methylation at the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) gene influences height in childhood

 

MMNP

MPC

PMMST

ENID (2 years)

ENID (6 years)

ALSPAC

Child parameters

Sample size (post QC)

698 (685)

557 (553)

289 (284)

239 (238)

144 (142)

925 (863)

Male (%)

377 (55.0%)

271 (49.0%)

129 (44.6%)

122 (51.2%)

81 (57.0%)

424 (49.2%)

Median age in years (IQR)

5.80 (5.63–6.00)

5.00 (4.98–5.01)

9.00 (8.61–9.21)

2.00 (2.00–2.01)

6.20 (5.71–6.61)

7.40 (7.23–7.57)

Mean height in cm (SD)

109.60 (4.93)

105.60 (4.31)

130.00 (5.65)

82.70 (3.03)

113.00 (4.79)

126.10 (5.20)

Mean height for age, HAZ (SD)

−1.01 (0.96)

−0.86 (0.91)

−0.33 (0.89)

−1.33 (0.96)

−0.66 (0.77)

0.37 (0.93)

Stunted (%)a

105 (15.3%)

55 (9.9%)

22 (7.7%)

56 (23.5%)

7 (4.9%)

5 (0.6%)

Country (ethnicity)

India (SAS)

India (SAS)

Gambia (AFR)

Gambia (AFR)

Gambia (AFR)

United Kingdom (EUR)

Maternal parameters

Sample size (max N)

683

553

276

238

142

863

Mean BMI

kg/m2 (SD)b

20.30 (3.73)

23.60 (3.58)

21.60 (3.62)

21.16 (3.56)

21.05 (3.05)

22.90 (3.81)

Mean gestational age in weeks (SD)

38.70 (2.18)

39.10 (1.69)

39.70 (2.88)

39.70 (0.96)

39.80 (0.91)

39.60 (1.50)

Nutritional intervention (vs control)

Maternal MMN (Food-based)

None

Maternal MMN (Tablet-based)

Maternal /infant MMN/lipid/Fe-Fol supplementation

None

DNA methylation platformc

EPIC

EPIC

EPIC

450 K

EPIC

450 K

Main cohort reference (PMID)

Potdar et al.59 (25332324)

Krishnaveni et al.20 (24609067)

Owens et al.64 (26561613)

Moore et al.21 (23057665)

Moore et al.21 (23057665)

Fraser et al.87 (22507742); Boyd et al.22 (22507743)

  1. MMNP Mumbai Maternal Nutrition Project, MPC Mysore Parthenon Cohort, PMMST Periconceptional Multiple Micronutrients Supplementation Trial, ENID Early Nutrition and Immune Development, ALSPAC Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, BMI body mass index, MMN multiple micronutrients, IQR Inter quartile range, QC Quality Control based on meffil pipeline (see “Methods”), SD standard deviation, HAZ height for age, PMID PubMed ID, SAS South Asians, AFR Africans, EUR Europeans, EPIC Illumina Infinium methylation EPIC Beadchip, 450 K Illumina Infinium methylation 450 K array.
  2. aStunting is defined as height <2 SD below WHO height-for-age reference mean.
  3. bMaternal pre-pregnancy BMI except for MPC where it was measured at 28–32 weeks into pregnancy.
  4. cAll methylation measures are on genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood samples collected at the same time as height measures.
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