Fig. 3: Catalytic hydrogen-borrowing amination of 2 to 3 and stability test.
From: Sustainable production of dopamine hydrochloride from softwood lignin
a Catalytic result for the amination of a 2 in a fix-bed reactor over different catalysts. Reaction condition: catalyst (0.5 g), 2 in p-xylene solution (0.025 M), NH3 pressure (0.6 MPa), liquid flow rate (0.3 mL min−1), gas flow rate (100 mL min−1), WHSV (0.163 h−1). The reaction temperature of 10%Ni/TiO2, 10%Ni/Al2O3, 65%Ni/Al2O3, Raney Ni, 5%Ru/CeO2, and 5%Ru/C was 160, 180, 170, 160, 160, and 140 °C, respectively. b Stability test of 10%Ni/TiO2 catalyst for the amination of 2–3 via hydrogen-borrowing amination. Insets represent the corresponding TEM images for the fresh and used catalysts. Reaction conditions: 10%Ni/TiO2 (0.5 g), 2 in p-xylene solution (0.025 M), temperature (160 °C), NH3 pressure (0.6 MPa), liquid flow rate (0.3 mL min−1), gas flow rate (100 mL min−1).
