Fig. 4: Characterization of CoVac-1-induced T-cell responses.
From: Phase I/II trial of a peptide-based COVID-19 T-cell activator in patients with B-cell deficiency
a Frequencies of functional CoVac-1‐induced CD4+ T cells in study patients (n = as indicated) prior to administration (day 1) and at day 28 after CoVac-1 application using ex vivo intracellular cytokine (IFN‐γ, TNF, IL-2) and cell surface marker staining (CD107a). The right graph displays the proportion of samples revealing monofunctional (1), difunctional (2), trifunctional (3), or tetrafunctional (4) CD4+ T cells. Two-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank test. b Subgroup analysis (n = as indicated) of IFN-γ T-cell responses assessed on day 28 according to the type of immunodeficiency (primary vs. secondary), the type of hematologic malignant diseases (CLL, MCL, FL, DLBCL) and treatment (ongoing vs. no (without or discontinued (>six months)) anti-CD20 antibody treatment). Two-sided Mann–Whitney U test. c Anti-spike IgG antibody titers assessed prior to administration and on day 28 after administration (n = as indicated). Values <0.1 were set to 0.1 and values ≥1.0 were considered positive. Two-sided Mann–Whitney U test. (a–c) Box plots or combined box-line plots show median with 25th or 75th percentiles, and min/max whiskers. CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; DLBCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; FL, follicular lymphoma; MCL, mantle cell lymphoma; no., number; pos, positive; ind, induced.
