Fig. 9: Microbial metabolites significantly decreased carbapenem-resistant E. coli growth in faeces from a mouse model of intestinal CRE colonisation.

a Experimental design. Mice were administered TZP for 5 days and were orally administered E. coli ST617 on the third day of TZP administration. Mice were then fed by oral gavage with a mixture of metabolites (glycerol triacetate, glycerol tripropionate, glycerol tributyrate, and glycerol trivalerate) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for 3 days. b E. coli ST617 counts were quantified from mouse faecal pellets just before metabolite mixture or PBS administration (pre-intervention) and at the end of metabolite mixture or PBS administration (post-intervention). The box indicates the median as a line in the box and excludes the upper and lower 25% (quartiles) of data, and the whiskers extend to the maximum and minimum values. Mann–Whitney U test (two-sided) of log10-transformed counts. n = 5 mice per group from one independent experiment, P > 0.9999 for pre-intervention (ns), P = 0.0397 for post-intervention (*). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.