Fig. 5: Loss of CISD rescues the PD-related phenotypes of PINK1 and Parkin mutants through regulating IP₃R.

a, b Images of Drosophila thoracic (top panels) and wing posture (bottom panels) phenotypes (a) and percentages of the flies having abnormal phenotypes (b). hs > IP₃R indicates heat shock-induced overexpression of the Drosophila IP₃R gene, itpr. CISD^KO indicates the KO genetic background of CISD in Drosophila. c Immunofluorescence images of the adult flight muscles (top). Green (mitochondria) and red (actin filament). n = 10. Scale bars, 5 µm. TUNEL assays of the adult flight muscles (bottom). Green (TUNEL) and blue (DAPI). n = 10. Scale bar, 5 µm. d Measurement of the climbing ability in the adult flies with indicated genotypes. n = 10. e, f Immunofluorescence images (e) and number (f) of DA neurons in PPM1/2 (top), and PPL1 (bottom) regions of adult fly brains with indicated genotypes. Green (DA neurons). Images of PPL1 regions were obtained from one of the left or right side of the PPL1 regions. Numbers of the DA neurons in the PPL1 regions were counted from both hemispheres. n = 10. Scale bars, 20 µm. For statistical analysis, one-sided Chi-square test was used (b). One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test was used (d, f). ****p < 0.0001. ***p < 0.001. **p < 0.01. *p < 0.05. ns represents not significant. Source data and the exact p values are included within the Source Data file. All data are presented as mean ± SD.