Fig. 8: FMD does not improve immune-therapy efficacy against lung LLC1 cancer, but reduces immune-therapy related cardiac damage.

A Schedule of tumor implantation and treatment for B16F10 syngeneic tumor models. B LLC1 Tumor growth in immunocompetent C57/BL6 syngeneic mice treated with isotype control, anti-OX40/anti-PD-L1 and anti-PD-1/anti–CTLA4 and fed with standard diet or FMD (AL IgG n = 13; FMD IgG n = 13; AL OX40PDL1 n = 12; FMD OX40PDL1 n = 14; AL PD1CTL4 n = 12; FMD PD1CTLA4 n = 13). Analysis of tumor immune infiltrate by FACS: C CD8⁺ on CD45⁺ T cells (n = 5); D GZMB⁺ on CD8⁺ T cells (n = 5); E CD4⁺ on CD45⁺ T cell (n = 5); F FOXP3⁺ on CD4⁺ T cells (n = 5); G H&E staining in the heart of C57/J mice bearing LLC1 lung tumor and treated with IgG or anti-OX40/anti-PD-L1 or anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA-4; H CD3 and CD8 staining in the heart of C57/J mice bearing LLC1 lung tumor and treated with IgG or anti-OX40/anti-PD-L1 or anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA-4 (3 tissue sections for each tumor; 5 tumors per each group); I Quantification of heart fibrosis and necrosis in the different experimental group; L Quantification of pro collagen 1α1 and MMP9 in the heart belonging to different experimental group (n = 5); M Quantification of CD3 and CD8 cell count in heart belonging to different experimental group (3 tissue sections for each tumor; 5 tumors per each group). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Global Kruskal Wallis test. P values were determined by One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post analysis. Differences were considered significant when P < 0.05. All data are represented as mean ± SEM. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.