Fig. 3: Separation performance of membranes.
From: Quaternization-spiro design of chlorine-resistant and high-permeance lithium separation membranes
a Chemical structures and abbreviations of control monomers exploited to prepare nanofiltration membranes by interfacial polymerization with TMC. Effect of pressure in b flux and c MgCl2 rejection of QSPIP-TMC, PEI-TMC, PIP-TMC, BAPP-TMC membranes (feed: 1000 ppm MgCl2). d Effect of operation time in the nanofiltration performance of QSPIP-TMC membrane (feed: 1000 ppm MgCl2, 6 bar). e Ions rejection of QSPIP-TMC membrane for filtrating different ion solutions (feed: 1000 ppm, 6 bar). f Effect of Mg2+/Li+ ratio in flux and selectivity of QSPIP-TMC membrane at 6 bar. g Comparison of QSPIP-TMC membrane with the recent Mg2+/Li+ separation membranes operated under cross-flow nanofiltration. The corresponding references in (g) are specified in Supplementary Table 1.
