Fig. 3: Characterization and M2-like TAM targeting of R848@M2pep-MPs_AFP.

a, b Hydrodynamic diameters (a) and zeta potentials (b) of MPs, M2pep-MPs, MPs_AFP, M2pep-MPs_AFP, R848@MPs, R848@M2pep-MPs, R848@MPs_AFP and R848@M2pep-MPs_AFP by DLS analysis. Data are presented as means ± sd (n = 3 independent samples). c Representative AFM height images (left), amplitude images (upper right) and three-dimensional morphology (lower right) of M2pep-MPs_AFP and R848@M2pep-MPs_AFP. Scale bars: 400 nm. Images are representative of three independent samples. d Relative PKH26 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) in BMDMs (M0 BMDMs), LPS- and IFNγ-stimulated BMDMs (M1-like BMDMs), IL-4-stimulated BMDMs (M2-like BMDMs) and Hepa1-6 cells after treatment with PKH26-labeled MPs, M2pep-MPs, MPs_AFP or M2pep-MPs_AFP at the concentration of 10 µg protein mL⁻¹ for 4 h by flow cytometry. Data are presented as means ± sd (n = 3 biological independent samples; one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD post-hoc test). e, f Ex vivo imaging (e) and relative fluorescence intensity (f) of IR780 in major organs and tumors of orthotopic Hepa1-6 tumor-bearing mice at 24 h after intravenous injection of IR780-labeled MPs, M2pep-MPs, MPs_AFP or M2pep-MPs_AFP at the dosage of 15 mg protein kg⁻¹. Data are presented as means ± s.d. for (f). (n = 3 mice per group; one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD post-hoc test). g Relative PKH26 MFI in tumor cells (CD45^- cells), M1-like TAMs (CD11b⁺F4/80⁺CD80⁺ cells), M2-like TAMs (CD11b⁺F4/80⁺CD206⁺ cells), T cells (CD45⁺CD3⁺ cells), DCs (CD45⁺F4/80^-CD11c⁺ cells), MDSCs (CD45⁺CD11b⁺Gr1⁺ cells) and Tregs (CD45⁺CD3⁺CD4⁺CD25⁺FoxP3⁺ cells) in tumor tissues of orthotopic Hepa1-6 tumor-bearing mice at 24 h after intravenous injection of PKH26-labeled MPs, M2pep-MPs, MPs_AFP or M2pep-MPs_AFP at the dosage of 15 mg protein kg⁻¹. Data are presented as means ± sd (n = 5 mice per group; two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons post-test). h Relative PKH26 MFI in TAMs, liver Kupffer cells, splenic macrophages, pulmonary macrophages and renal macrophages (CD11b⁺F4/80⁺ cells) of orthotopic Hepa1-6 tumor-bearing mice at 24 h after treatment indicated in (g). Data are presented as means ± sd (n = 5 mice per group; two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons post-test). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.