Fig. 3: Benchmarking of a Fsim gate with \(\theta=\frac{\pi }{4},\,\phi=\frac{\pi }{2}\).

In a, we fix the unitary error with δθ = −0.01, δϕ = −0.02, and vary the probability of stochastic error δp. In Fig. 3b, we fix the probability of stochastic error with δp = 0.001 and vary the angles of unitary error with δθ = 0.5δϕ = 10⁻³–10⁻¹. We always accurately estimate the process infidelity and the stochastic infidelity of the gate. However, the accuracy of estimating the angles of the unitary error is compromised when there is a high level of stochastic noise, as the signal degrades quickly and there is not enough data to accurately estimate the angles.