Fig. 1: An electrochemical memory array with good open-loop programmability.
From: Open-loop analog programmable electrochemical memory array
a An optical image of an integrated 10 × 10 ECRAM array, scale bar: 200 μm. b Cross-sectional TEM micrograph of the gate stack (W/YSZ/WOx), scale bar: 50 nm. c Demonstration of linear and symmetric conductance update in an ECRAM using a series of up/down pulsing cycles of different pulse numbers (20, 25, 30, 35 pulses, ±5 V, 150 ms). d Schematic of open-loop and closed-loop programming with inherently different pulsing sequences. e Programming of five image patterns in a 10 × 10 array, all image pixels were programmed using open-loop scheme and single PWM pulses.
