Fig. 6: Comparing our human plasma cfRNA with mouse plasma cfRNA from a spaceflight mission.

a Sampling scheme of the MHU-1 spaceflight mission. The 35-day mission in 2016 included six spaceflights (microgravity, MG), six artificial 1-G in-flight controls (AG), and six ground control (GC) mice. Created with BioRender.com. b–d Mouse cfRNA sequencing results for mitochondrial genes with normalized RPKM (Reads Per Kilobase of transcript per Million reads mapped) values. Solid lines show mean value derived from n = 6 (for AG and MG) and n = 5 (for GC) biologically independent samples. Results of Mann–Whitney test are shown by ** for two-tailed exact P-value < 0.01 and * for <0.05. e Heatmap of the 418 DRRs between the GC, AG, and MG conditions. GC samples were collected only from five mice due to a technical problem in blood sampling. f Venn diagram showing overlapping DisGeNET terms among DRRs in the AG vs. MG comparison, GC vs. MG comparison, and human cfRNA analysis. g Comprehensive list of overlapping DisGeNET terms from the panel g Venn diagram.