Fig. 2: SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infections and fibrin clot formations.
From: SARS-CoV-2 infection of human lung epithelial cells induces TMPRSS-mediated acute fibrin deposition
A SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection of ACE2-293T, 293T, and NHBE cells. Cells were infected with 50 μl Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus, approximately 5 × 106 copies of RNA/ml, for 48 h. Cells were lysed and infections were measured by luciferase activities. B, C Infected NHBE cells induced fibrin clot formation. NHBE cells were grown in 96-well (B) or 384-well plate (C) to near confluence and infected with 5 μl (B) or titration amount (C) of Wuhan pSARS-2 for 24 h before adding fibrinogen for clotting assay. D Confocal images of fibrin clot formation in NHBE infected with pSARS-2 or uninfected cells in the presence of fluorescently labeled fibrinogen. E) SEM images showing of fibrin network observed in infected NHBE sample. F Fibrin fibers associated with the infected (top) but not uninfected (bottom) NHBE cells. G Infected NHBE cells, but not Vero-E6 or ACE2-293T cells induce fibrin clot formation. All cells were infected with equal amount (4 μl each) of delta strain SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus for 24 h before adding fibrinogen for clotting turbidity assay. Data shows means ± SD. All statistical analyses in this figure were performed using two-sided unpaired t-tests with p-value < 0.0001 (****).
