Fig. 6: In vivo imaging of a mouse brain of a matured mouse through the intact skull.

a Schematic of the sample configuration. b Phase functions, \({\varphi }_{k}^{{{{{{\rm{c}}}}}}}\left({{{{{\boldsymbol{\rho }}}}}}\right)\), at five different depths identified by the MST algorithm for a reflection matrix measured at a depth of 270 µm below the surface of the skull. \(\left\{{z}_{k=1\ldots 5}\right\}=\left\{140,180,220,260,300\right\}\)μm from the object plane. Scale bar: 100 μm. c Identified phase functions \({\varphi }_{1-3}\left({{{{{\boldsymbol{\rho }}}}}}\right)\) at the depths \({z}_{1-3}\) in the blue boxes in b. Scale bar: 30 μm. Color bar, phase in radians. d MST images obtained by the reflection matrices measured directly at the depths \({z}_{1-3}\). Color bar, normalized intensity. The blue dots in d correspond to osteocyte cell bodies. Numbers in c and d in the same depth refer to the same osteocyte cells. e, f Confocal reflectance image and MST image of the mouse brain at a depth 270 μm from the surface of the skull, respectively. Scale bar: 30 μm. Insets show the PSFs at points indicated by white arrows. Scale bar: 10 μm. The images were normalized by the peak intensity in f.