Fig. 1: Development and culture of gastrointestinal organoids from Jamaican fruit bats.

a Organoid derivation from Jamaican fruit bat (JFB) distal intestine. Tissue of origin, isolated intestinal crypts and formed organoids, representative of tissues from three bats, are shown. Scale bar: 200 µm for distal intestine, others are 50 µm. b Morphology of distal intestinal tissue (left) and distal intestinal organoids (right). Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections were stained with H&E (top row; bat 001, p2) or Alcian Blue (bottom row; bat 004, p3). High magnification insets show columnar cell shape and morphology of mucus-secreting goblet cells. Bars: 100 µm. Images are representative of 2 organoid lines and tissues. c Size and morphology of distalintestinal organoids were analyzed over six consecutive passages using OrganoSeg⁵². Dots: individual organoids (p1: n = 8, p2: n = 26, p3: n = 14, p4: n = 6, p5: n = 15, p6: n = 25); bars: mean ± SD. d Tissue-specific gene expression patterns in JFB organoids derived from stomach, proximal and distal intestine. Pooled qRT-PCR data from n = 3 established organoid lines (p2-5) are shown; mean ± SD. e Gene expression of distal intestinal organoids from two lines (bat004 and 005) was monitored over eight passages. Mean ± SD from two organoid lines with two technical replicates each; data was analyzed using ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparison test; P = 0.0014 compared to p2. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.