Fig. 5: JFB distal intestinal organoids express antiviral and pro-inflammatory genes in response to infection with SARS-CoV-2.

a–d Dissociated JFB distal intestinal organoids (bat001, p6, three replicates) were infected with active SARS-CoV-2 at an MOI of 1 or 10. The unbound virus was washed off, and the cells were re-plated in Matrigel. After 48 or 72 h, the RNA was extracted from the cells to evaluate genes expression via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Data from one representative out of four independent experiments are shown as mean ± SD. e–h Organoids were treated with UV-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 at 10 µg/mL, or with a panel of TLR agonists (TLR2: heat-killed L. monocytogenes, HKLM; TLR3: low MW poly I: C; TLR7: imiquimod, TLR9: ODN2006) and then were analyzed by qRT-PCR 48 h after stimulation. Pooled data from three independent experiments (bat001, p6; bat004, p5; bat003, p5); mean ± SD are shown. Graphs show gene expression of (a, e) Ifna (IFN-α), (b, f) Ifnb (IFN-β), (c, g) Il6 (IL-6) and (d, h) Tnf (TNF-α). All data were analyzed using the 2^(-ΔΔCt) method with gapdh as a housekeeping gene and are expressed as fold change relative to the mock-infected control. ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.