Fig. 7: Results of early vehicle retirement scenarios.
From: Decarbonization potential of electrifying 50% of U.S. light-duty vehicle sales by 2030
Annual impact on (a) EV stock percentage, (b) fleetwide average fuel economy, (c) vehicle sales, (d) vehicle production greenhouse gas emissions, and (e) greenhouse gas emissions (production and operation) for natural retirement (blue), early retirement 1 (ER1) (orange), and early retirement 2 (ER2) (yellow) scenarios. In e) the solid lines for ER1 and ER2 represent scenario in which per vehicle VMT is held constant, leading to an increase in fleet VMT from the natural retirement scenario, while the dashed lines represent scenarios in which fleet VMT is held constant with the natural retirement scenario.
