Fig. 5: Quantification of frontal cortical inputs to the auditory cortex.

a A retrogradely-traveling virus expressing GFP was injected into the auditory cortex. b–d Histological example showing retrogradely labeled cells at the site of injection (b) and in the frontal cortex at two anteroposterior levels (c, d). Numbers in red indicate position anterior to bregma. e-g Areas enclosed by rectangles in (c, d) are shown at a higher magnification. Scale bars represent 1 mm in (b–e) and 0.5 mm in (f, g). Area boundaries correspond to the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas. h Number of retrogradely labeled neurons in different frontal regions in wild-type mice. Error bars represent mean ± s.e.m. across mice. i Distribution of cells in each frontal cortical region across hemispheres (relative to injected hemisphere) and cortical layers (upper: layers 1-4; lower: layers 5–6). Percentages are relative to the total number of retrogradely labeled neurons in each brain region. M2, secondary motor cortex; M1, primary motor cortex; AC, anterior cingulate cortex; PL, prelimbic cortex; IL, infralimbic cortex; CL, claustrum; SS, somatosensory cortex; AI, anterior insula; OF, orbitofrontal cortex. Data in (h, i) is from nine wild-type mice. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.