Fig. 5: Prediction results of Cu-Pd and Cu-Ga.

a Productivities of Cu-Pd (left) and Cu-Ga (right) binary alloys as a function of the applied potentials, where ML-predicted binding energies were used. b Coordination number and (c) composition-dependent C₁₊ and formate productivity of Cu-Pd and Cu-Ga at −1.4 V_RHE, respectively.