Fig. 3: Involvement of the PMS in the extensive PM expansion associated with ring cell inflation.

The blue and yellow borders denote the transverse and longitudinal sections, respectively. Magnified views of the areas denoted by the white dotted box in (a–c) are shown at the bottom. a The wavy and curved PM (red arrow) and the ruptured outer cell wall (black arrow) of a partially inflated CR. Scale bars (upper panel = 1 µm; lower panel = 0.5 µm). b, c The PM (red arrow) and the ruptured outer cell wall (black arrow) of inflated CRs. V, vacuole. Scale bars (upper panel = 2 µm; lower panel = 0.5 µm). The images shown in (a–c) were chosen among those collected from at least 5 different CRs. d Percentages of inflated CRs after exposing immature CRs and mature CRs to 30 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL BFA for 24 h (n = 5, 4 biological replicates for immature, mature CRs, respectively). Two-tailed t-test, mean ± SD. ***P = 2.49 × 10–5 (30 μg/mL), 9.14 × 10–8 (50 μg/mL); ns not significant (P = 0.98, 0.06 for 30, 50 μg/mL, respectively). Light micrographs of mycelia and CRs after applying 50 µg/mL BFA. Scale bars = 50 µm. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. Data shown are representatives from experiments performed in triplicate.