Fig. 3: In situ characterization of the oxidation process of Cu with graphene coating.
From: Enhanced copper anticorrosion from Janus-doped bilayer graphene
a–d In situ SEM images of the Cu surface coated by monolayer and bilayer graphene oxidized under 150 Pa O2 and 80 Pa H2 at 600 °C. Defects generated during oxidation are marked by red circles. e–g Time evolution plot of the sample along the X axis e, Y axis f, and its three-dimensional colour-coded stack g, derived from a–d. The non-oxidized area is shaded in orange for e, f and shown in a dented morphology for g. h, i In situ NAP-XPS of Cu2O satellite peak h and Auger peak i of the Cu sample with bilayer graphene coating. The red, blue, and green curves are gathered after oxidation of 0 h, 2 h, and 5 h, respectively, in the condition of 0.3 mbar O2 and 150 °C. j In situ EDS analysis of oxide concentration (intensity of OKα peak) in monolayer coated (blue), bilayer coated (red), and bare (green) Cu surface after oxidation. Inset: SEM image showing the corresponding EDS probing position. k Cross-sectional ToF-SIMS plot of the O2- (orange), C+ (green), and Cu- (blue) distributions in monolayer and bilayer graphene-coated regions after oxidation.
